Humanities

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1. To what does the FBI definition an unlawful attack by one person upon another for the purpose of inflicting severe or aggravated bodily injury refer?

   		Criminal homicide.
   		Aggravated assault.
   		Simple assault.
   		Nefarious assault.
   		Mundane assault.

5 points

QUESTION 2

1. One legal remedy for dealing with intimate partner violence is to relax the misdemeanor rule and allow law enforcement officers to do what?

   		Make a warrantless arrest on the basis of reasonable suspicion.
   		Make a warrantless arrest if they have probable cause.
   		Make a warrantless arrest if they have probable cause even though they did not witness the incident.
   		Make a warrantless arrest on the basis of reasonable suspicion even though they did not witness the incident.
   		Take the woman into protective custody to prevent further violence.

5 points

QUESTION 3

1. What is the purpose of a victims’ rights amendment?

   		To guarantee victims certain rights when they participate in the criminal justice system.
   		To guarantee victims certain rights when they participate in the civil justice system.
   		To guarantee victims certain rights when they participate in victim compensation proceedings.
   		To guarantee victims certain rights when they participate in the juvenile justice system.
   		To guarantee victims certain rights when they participate in restorative justice practices.

5 points

QUESTION 4

1. Which of the following historical practices does not represent male domination over women?

   		Early Roman law treated women as the property of their husbands.
   		Any harm committed against a woman was viewed as an offense against her father or her husband, not her.
   		The law allowed a husband to beat his wife as a way of disciplining her.
   		Women in the United States were not allowed to vote until 1920.
   		Al of these practices contributed to male domination over women.

5 points

QUESTION 5

1. Why does system participation often represent the second insult for crime victims?

   		Victims are often dismissed as unimportant or unnecessary contributors to the case.
   		Victims do not receive consideration, whether by being notified of plea agreements, hearings being held, or even being compensated for their taken away from work, home, and their families.
   		Victims get treated as instigators by defense attorneys in court proceedings.
   		Because many victimization incidents are victim-precipitated.
   		None of the above.

5 points

QUESTION 6

1. Which of the following items does not pertain to the first insult that victim’s experience?

   		Canceled court hearings.
   		Physical injury.
   		Lost property.
   		Interpersonal complications.
   		All of the above.

5 points

QUESTION 7

1. Which of the following limitations is associated with the Conflict Tactics Scale?

   		It deals only with situations that have come to the attention of the police.
   		It offers a standardized set of questions that can be used from one study to the next.
   		The scale is based upon feminist interviewing techniques.
   		Usually only one partner is interviewed.
   		Only A and B above.

5 points

QUESTION 8

1. Which of the following theoretical orientations looks at male domination, power, and control as an explanation of sexual assault?

   		Learned helplessness.
   		Psychopathology.
   		Sociocultural explanations.
   		Non-traditional sex-role expectations.
   		Backlash to the women’s movement.

5 points

QUESTION 9

1. Which of the following is a core right in state victims’ rights amendments?

   		The right to remain silent.
   		The right to be present at all hearings which the defendant is entitled to attend.
   		The right to consult with a private attorney.
   		The right to a public attorney if a victim cannot afford a private attorney.
   		All of the above are core rights.

5 points

QUESTION 10

1. Which of the following age groups register the most involvement in homicide victimization statistics?

   		1–4 years of age.
   		Under 12 years old.
   		20–24 years of age.
   		40–49 years of age.
   		65 and older.

5 points

QUESTION 11

1. When stalking takes place in conjunction with intimate partner violence, it is most likely to be associated with which portion of the cycle of violence?

   		Tension-building phase.
   		Battering episode.
   		Reconciliation period.
   		Anniversary date that the relationship began.
   		After the battered party decides to end the cycle of violence.

5 points

QUESTION 12

1. According to the text, which of the following was not a reason for the emergence of the victim movement?

   		The pharmaceutical industry.
   		Ahe women’s movement.
   		The children’s rights movement.
   		The growing crime problem.
   		Mass media.

5 points

QUESTION 13

1. Crime exacts a wide range of additional costs on the individual and society. Among these are:

   		Criminal justice system costs of investigating, arresting, prosecuting, adjudicating, and incarcerating/punishing the offender.
   		Medical costs related to injuries and lost income.
   		Direct crime losses suffered by the victims.
   		All of the above.
   		None of the above.

5 points

QUESTION 14

1. Which of the following is not a typical funding source for battered women’s shelters or refuge houses?

   		Grants from organizations like the United Way.
   		Marriage license fees.
   		Private donations.
   		Victim compensation payouts.
   		All are typical sources.

5 points

QUESTION 15

1. According to Wolfgang, which of the following plays a major role in victim-precipitated homicide?

   		Race.
   		Drug transaction rip-offs.
   		Politics.
   		Personal appearance.
   		Interpersonal relationships and escalation.

5 points

QUESTION 16

1. What has been the effect of victim impact statements?

   		There has been a stunning lack of victim participation.
   		Judges have issued harsher sentences.
   		Parole boards have rejected a greater number of inmate applications for early release.
   		Conviction rates have increased.
   		Offender recidivism has decreased.

5 points

QUESTION 17

1. According to the notion of selective enforcement, when making an arrest, officers may:

   		Use their discretion when handling a misdemeanor situation.
   		Arrest offenders without probable cause.
   		Arrest for all suspected crimes as long as probable cause is present.
   		Arrest only if the victim files a complaint.
   		Make a domestic violence arrest whenever possible.

5 points

QUESTION 18

1. Which of the following studies was instrumental in establishing policy guidelines for how law enforcement officers should handle calls for service involving intimate partner violence?

   		The Zimbardo Experiment.
   		The Minneapolis Experiment.
   		The National Family Violence Survey.
   		The President’s Task Force on Family Violence.
   		The President’s Task Force on Victims of Crime.

5 points

QUESTION 19

1. Using Stephen Schafer’s victim precipitation typology, which of the following victim categories bears responsibility for his or her misfortune?

   		Political victims.
   		Socially weak victims.
   		Biologically weak victims.
   		Provocative victims.
   		Unrelated victims.

5 points

QUESTION 20

1. The battered woman syndrome that defense lawyers sometimes raise in court to support the battered spouse defense refers to the contention that women are so traumatized that they:

   		Cannot leave their mates.
   		Kill their mates to prevent further abuse.
   		Finally call the police to intervene but the police usually do not arrest the male partner.
   		File for a divorce.
   		Give up custody of their children.

5 points

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